History (in Islam)

There are differences of principle about the meaning of history in the eyes of Western people and Islam. In a secular society, history is understood as a cycle that flows naturally. There is no God and the purpose behind the event. In the West, the course of history is determined by material factors in particular, economic development (Marxists, Hegel). From the materialistic and secular outlook is Fukuyama through the title of his book 'The End of History' said that liberal capitalism and democracy is the last model in the history of Western human life.

In Islam, the history of moving because of the human will is not governed by the laws of nature. History is governed by the laws of God. Law of God is in the nature of Islam is called an open book or unwritten. We can not understand the open book unless guided by a book which is written al-Qur'an. Although history is governed by the laws of God, but God does not become a part of it because He is Transcendent. Humans were given the freedom to choose his way of life (history) because humans are not inanimate objects; humans were given instructions and promises, given the reason and the will.

Again in view of the history of secular materialistic ends of the earth. Humans live once and then die. In Islamic history ended on the day of reckoning and is outside of history in a secular sense it.

So, the writing of history is a process depiction of the human facts objectively, but at the same time the object was placed on the balance of concepts contained in the book of God's reality is the written or unwritten. some of the Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus (lived 1st BC) true that history is philosophy teaching by example.

History as an example can be reviewed in the word of God that said "Sees thou not how Allah sets forth a parable of good lines like a good tree, whose root is firm and its branches (rose) into the sky. It brings forth its fruit at every season by the permission of their Lord. God set forth parables for mankind so that they always remember "(Ibrahim: 24-25).

This means that the history of Islam stems from a doctrine that is understood and developed by humans who then grow like a tree, the life (Syajarah). Tree and then provide benefits (grace) or fruit to the man with the law and the will of God. The history of Islam is the interaction between values and practices of human life is sheltered by the will and the law of God.

Jemaah Islamiyah and Its Offshoots (Part II)

JI is believed to operate in much the sane networked manner as al-Qaeda. The organization’s structure comprises the following: (1) a central command (qiyadah naraziah), which is part of a wider governing council (majlis Qiadah); (2) a hard core of dedication jihadists (number vary greatly by source); and (3) a wider associate base that is drawn from both established insurgent militant organization an loosely connected radicals scattered across the region. According to a 2003 Singapore Government White Paper, these cadres are organized into specific territorial cells, known as mantiqis that cover the following areas:

· M1: Singapore, Malaysia (except Sabah) and Southern Thailand
· M2: Indonesia (except Sulawesi and Kalimantan)
· M3: Sabah, Sulawesi, Kalimantan, and Southern Philippines
· M4: Australia and the Indonesian province of Papua (Irian Jaya).

JI came to the world’s attention in December 2001, when a major international terrorist plot was uncovered in Singapore that was to have involved the bombings of U.S. Navy vessels docked at the Changi Nava Base, the ministry of Defense, a shuttle bus serving the Sembawang Wharves and Yishun subway, the British and Australian High Commission, the U.S. and Israeli embassies, an commercial complexes housing American firms. The plan came to light when the Singaporean intelligence service, which had been monitoring the JI cell, arrested the members to disrupt the attacks. Subsequently, a videotape and notes reconnaissance of potential target in Singapore were found in the house of al-Qaeda military leader Mohammad Atef in Kabul (Atef was killed in U.S. air strike).

The actual mechanics of the Singapore operation, which intelligence authorities estimate took two years of planning, fell to the late Fathur Rohman al-Ghozi (a senior JI bom maker closely tied to the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) who was killed by Filipino forces in 2003 after his escape from a Manila prison) and Mohammed Jabara. Working under the respective aliases of “Mike” and “Sammy”. The two JI members coordinated a local reestablished cell of militants. Helping to select appropriate target and fine-tune the logistics for the planned bombing.

Although the Singapore plot was thwarted, several other terrorist attacks have been directly linked to JI since 2000. these include a series of near-simultaneous bombing that killed 22 people in the Philippine capital in December 2000; 38 church explosions in Indonesia the same month; a further string of attacks in Manila in 2002; the October 12, 2002, Bali bombing-rivaled only by the Madrid train bombing of March 11, 2004, as the worst act of international terrorism since the September 11 attacks; a suicide attack on U.S.-owned Marriott Hotel in Jakarta on August 5,2003, that killed 13 people and left dozens injured; a car bombing outside the Australian embassy in Jakarta on September 9, 2004, that killed on October 1, 2005, that killed 23 people, including the three perpetrators.

The sequence of attacks suggests a one year cycle for executions, although the planning might have gone on a longer period. The methods of the first three attacks involved car bombs. However, the lack of success of the JW. Marriott and Australian embassy attacks, where all casualties except for one were Indonesian, might explain the abandonment of cars as the method of delivery for the explosives in favor of bomb carried in backpacks by suicides bombers. This method allows the terrorist to target their attacks more precisely on establishments frequented by foreigners and those catering to them.

Jemaah Islamiyah and Its Offshoots (Part I)

Long before the appearance of the global jihadits movement, the activities of variety of internal ethno-nationalist and religious militant groups posed one of the most significant threats to polities of the Southeast Asia region. During the 1990s, the residual threat posed by sub state extremism had risen-both in reactions to the modernizations pursued vigorously by many Southeast Asian state and as a result of radical influence from the Middle East and South Asia. Jemaah Islamiyah (JI), a network that connects militants in Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Thailand, today poses main the main regional terrorist threat in Southeast Asia. JI is considered part of al-Qaeda’s international terrorist network, but it is in fact a distinct organization with its own objectives and localized goals. The group, which operates solely within Southeast Asia, seeks to establish a pan-Islamic state in that region comprising Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and the Muslim areas of the Philippines and Southern Thailand.

After the arrest of militants following the Bali I, Jakarta Marriott Hotel I, Australian Embassy, The Bal II, and nearly Jakarta Marriott Hotel II bombing in Indonesia, there appears to increased dissension within JI. And related terrorist offshoots have newly surfaced, according documents seized by the Indonesian Authorities, one of the key JI operatives still at large. The Malaysian Noordin M. Top, is named as the leader of group named Tanzim Qai’dat al-Jihad, or Organization on the base of Jihad. These offshoots are probably not new organizations but merely regroupings of militants around different nuclei within JI.

JI’s ideological root that back to the Darul Islam rebellion in Indonesia. Lasting from the late 1940s to the early 1960s, the rebellion informed the thinking of radical Indonesian Muslims. The cofounders of the organization were two Indonesian clerics, Abdullah Sungkar and Abu BAkar Ba’ayir. In early 1970s, the two established Islamic Boarding School (pesantren) in Ngruki, Central Java, that became one of fountainheads of Islamic radicalism in Indonesia-the so-called Ngruki network. From 1978 to 1982 the two were imprisoned by the Soeharto government. After their release, they moved to Malaysia, where they came in contact with an Indonesian al-Qaeda operative and veteran of the Afghan war, Riduan Isamuddin, alias Hambali. Hambali is the only southeast Asian Member of the shura or central council of al-Qaeda, provided the link between the indigenous Indonesian Radical and al-Qaeda. He was also the chief conduit for fund from al-Qaeda to JI. Another key figure was Mohammed Iqbal Abdur Rahman (alias Abu Jibril), an Indonesian national who, before his arrest in Malaysia in 2002. is alleged to have been head of training for al-Qaeda in Southeast Asia. A map of the region is shown in figure.

Following the collapse of Soeharto’s government in 1998, Sungkar and Ba’asyir returned to Indonesia. In 1999, Sungkar died and Ba’asyir became the emir or spiritual leader of the organization. Ba’asyir established the Majlis Mujahidin Indonesia (MMI) in yogyakarta, a religious organization that analysts within and outside Indonesia believe serves as a political cover for JI’s political activities. After the Bali bombing of October 12, 2002, Ba’asyir was charged and convicted of immigration law violations. He was subsequently released by a judge, but immediately rearrested on terrorism charges and, at the time of writing, remains in police custody. Ba’asyir denies any association with JI or its terrorist agenda.

It is believed that JI began establishing cells across Southeast Asia in collaboration with al-Qaeda as early as 1993. regional intelligence source have identified two figures as central to the group’s early recruitment and placement efforts: hambali, a veteran of the anti-Soviet campaign in Afghanistan who before his capture was thought to have acted as bin Laden’s main point of contact in the region; and abu Jibril who, as noted above, is alleged to have been “head of training” for al-Qaeda in Southeast Asia. Hambali was captured in August 2003 in Ayutthaya, Thailand, and is believed to be in U.S custody. Abu Jibril was arrested in Malaysia in June 2001, where he remained in prison until he was deported to Indonesia in May 2004. Indonesian prosecutors initially accused him of involvement in several bombing in Indonesia but later dropped the charges because of lack of evidence. He is currently active in MMI. Two key JI operatives responsible for Bali bombing, Imam Samudra and Mukhlas (alias Ali Gufran), Hambali’s reflacement as operational chief , were captured, tried, and sentenced to death. Another high-profile terrorist, JI’s top bom-marker Dr. Azahari Husain, and two subordinates were killed in a polise raid on their hideout near the east javan town of Malang in November 2005. still at large are Noordin M. Top; Zulkarnaen, reported to be the current JI operational chief; Dulmatin, an electronics specialist known for his bom-making expertise; and Umar Patek, a recruitment and training expert. (The last two are believed to be hiding out in Mindanao).

my mind

Stop dreaming, we live here, now. consistent, work for the salvation of mankind

NOORDIN M TOP "Sang Abu Jundal"

Menarik sekali membaca tulisan opini republika edisi jumat, 7 Agustus 2009 yang berjudul “rekonstruksi dakwah/ Abdi Kurnia”. Didalam tulisan tersebut salahsatu alinea tulisannya, beliau mengasosiasikan atau memberikan sebuah gambaran aksi-aksi teror bom yg terjadi di Indonesia yang terus berulang kali selama dekade ini dan yang terakhir aksi teror di Hotel JW Marriot dan Restoran Ritz Carlton sama seperti fenomena aksi Abu jundal pada masa perjalanan sejarah Nabi Muhammad SAW, terutama masa perjanjian Hudaybiyyah.

Seperti kita tahu perjanjian hudaybiyyah yang isinya gencatan senjata antara masyarakat Muslim Madinah dengan masyarakat Musyrikin Mekkah, menurut sebagian shahabat rosul perjanjian tersebut merugikan pihak kaum muslimin dan Abu Jundal lah salah satunya. Apresiasi kekesalan abu jundal terhadap perjanjian damai tersebut, beliau melakukan aksi teror terhadap pedagang Musyrik Mekkah yang melewati jalur perdagangan menuju Syam.

Menarik jika kita persepsikan Noordin M Top adalah sosok Abu Jundal Kontemporer. Yang menjadi pertanyaan apakah ada di masa kontemporer masyarakat muslim madinah dalam koordinasi Rosulullah Muhammad SAW Yang berada di jalan allah (sabilillah, ashabul yamin, hizbullah, dien haq) dan Masyarakat Musyrik Mekkah yang dikuasai kalangan elite Quraisy Mekkah seperti abu jahal dan melalui mekanisme sistem yang diatur di darunnadwah dengan simbolisasi berhala orang-orang shaleh terdahulu seperti latta, uzza, mannat dan hubbal dan didukung system perekonomian ribawi abu lahab dan merekalah yang disebut oleh alqur’an dengan sebutan dien bathil, sabilithoghut, ashabusyimal, hizbusyaiton?

Pertanyaan kedua siapa sesungguhnya peran protagonist dan antagonistnya ? siapa kawan dan siapa musuh bahaya laten? Dan bagaimana sikap kita melihat fenomena tersebut?

Besambung………….

REFLEKSI HIJRAH

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